Catocala toropovi

Diagnosis of female. Detailed comparisons of males of C. toropovi to C. repudiata (Fig. 3) and C. optima (Fig. 4) are presented in Saldaitis et al. (2014). In C. toropovi, there appears to be no obvious sexual differences in the forewing ground color, which varies from pale ochreous brown to dark brown (Figs. 1, 2). In the female genitalia, C. toropovi has a round postvaginal plate (Fig. 5), which in C. repudiata is rectangular with a slightly wavy posterior margin (Fig. 6), and in C. optima is rectangular with a concave posterior margin (Fig. 7). In addition, in C. toropovi the ostium appears broader than in C. repudiata and C. optima; the ductus bursae is longer and somewhat broader; and the 7 th abdominal tergite is somewhat narrower than in C. repudiata and C. optima, and has rounded rather than pointed posterior edges (Figs. 5 - 7).