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Euphlyctis jaladhara

Euphlyctis jaladhara

India
Status
Unknown

IUCN conservation assessment category

Habitat
Freshwater, Ocean, Mountain

Primary ecological niche & biome

Diet
flying insects, forest spiders, and crawling invertebrates

Dietary type and primary food source

Activity
nocturnal

Diurnal, nocturnal, or active patterns

Scientific Summary

GBIF Taxonomic Backbone & Wikipedia Registry Profile

Description of Holotype (ZSI / WGRC / 2948) (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) A small sized skittering frog (SVL = 37.8 mm) with lean, elongated, and squat body; head width subequal to head length (HW = 14.3 mm; HL = 13.9 mm); snout acutely pointed (SL = 4.0 mm) and subequal to eye diameter (EL = 4.7 mm); canthus rostralis angled, loreal region flat, inter-orbital space flat (IUE = 1.4 mm) half of the upper lid (UEW = 2.9 mm) and subequal to internarial distance (IN = 1.1 mm); distance between the back of eyes 1.7 times more than front of eyes (IFE = 5.2 mm; IBE = 9.2 mm); nostrils oval, on the lateral sides and nearer to the tip of snout; symphysial knob moderate; tympanum distinct, visible below the supratympanic fold (TYD = 3.6 mm) and close to the eye (TE = 0.4 mm); vomerine ridges present, weak; tongue bifid without a papilla. Forearm robust and short (FLL = 7.5 mm), slightly shorter than the hand (HAL = 9.0 mm); fingers thin without any dermal fringes, first finger (FL 1 = 3.3 mm) longer than the second finger (FL 2 = 2.7 mm) and shorter than the third finger (TFL = 4.4 mm), tips blunt without any enlarged discs, webbing between fingers absent; subarticular tubercles moderate, rounded and pre-pollex tubercle and supernumerary tubercles absent. Hind limbs long, touch each other when folded at right angles to the body, and tibio-tarsal articulation reaches nostril; femur length subequal to tibia length (FL = 20.9 mm; TiL = 19.4 mm); foot length is 1.9 times tarsus length (FOL = 19.7 mm, TaL = 9.9 mm), relative toe length I <II <III <V <IV (FTL = 11.7 mm); inner toe minute (ITL = 3.5 mm), webbing complete, no phalanges free on toes; inner metatarsal tubercle (IMT = 2.0 mm) distinct, outer metatarsal tubercle, supernumerary tubercles and tarsal tubercle absent. In preservative (Fig. 4), overall skin on the dorsum smooth uniform with few minute projected granular spots, but concentrated at the region of the vent; ventrally smooth on throat, belly, hands, and back of thighs. Porous warts absent. Colour on the dorsum dark, stone black mottled patches on the light grey background; limbs not barred but thighs faintly barred. On the lateral sides, a distinct black line from the back of the shoulder to the groin separates the dark dorsal colour from the ventral white colour. Ventrally, throat, belly, forehand, thighs, tibia, and tarsus uniform cream white, hand and foot light grey. Back of thigh with a single white band. In life (Fig. 3), dorsal upper surface of the forearm, hand, thigh, tibia, tarsus, and entire dorsum light cream background with olive green irregular blotched pattern. Lateral sides of the body with a distinct black line from the back of shoulders to the groin separating the upper dark colour from the ventral light colour. Eye diamond-shaped, pupil black, iris golden brown (Fig. 3). Secondary sexual characters and sexual dimorphism (Fig. 4): Adult males have a pair of dark black external vocal sacs at the lateral sides of the throat (Fig. 4), but the nuptial pads are absent on the first finger. In general, females have grey spots on the entire ventral region (as compared to the white ventral side of the males) (Fig. 4). Additional information from paratypes (and other reference collections) and variations: Morphological data are given in Table 1. Paratypes range from 47.3 mm to 62.1 mm in SVL; all the males in the collections ranged from 33.7 mm to 37.8 mm in SVL, and females ranged from 40.8 mm to 62.1 mm in SVL. The external morphological characters of holotype and paratypes were similar to the reference collections except for the colour characters for sexual dimorphism (Fig. 5).
Biology & Conservation

Ecologically, the conservation status of Euphlyctis jaladhara is officially designated as Unknown. Current field registries estimate a global population composed of an unquantified number of individuals, making habitat preservation critical to maintaining their wild populations.

It is typically endemic to freshwater, ocean, mountain, showing great physiological synergy with its surroundings. In terms of dietary preferences, it relies primarily on a diet of flying insects, forest spiders, and crawling invertebrates. It exhibits specialized adaptations centered around a nocturnal activity pattern, optimizing its energy conservation and interactions within its native ecosystem. The species has a typical natural lifespan of approximately 6 years, allowing it to adapt and mature through structured generational cycles.

Ongoing biological monitoring and ecological advocacy emphasize the importance of protecting this species. The stability of its food chain and the prevention of fragmentation in its primary range are vital for the continued survival of Euphlyctis jaladhara.

Energy & Activity Profile
Habitat & Adaptation Index
Quick Facts
Native RangeIndia
Habitat RangeFreshwater, Ocean, Mountain
Lifespan6 Yrs
StatusUnknown
ScientificEuphlyctis jaladhara
Registry Info
Lifespan6 years
KingdomAnimalia
FamilyDicroglossidae