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White-handed Gibbon

White-handed Gibbon

Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, China
Status
Endangered

IUCN conservation assessment category

Habitat
Forest, Wetland, Freshwater, Desert, Mountain

Primary ecological niche & biome

Diet
leaves, shoots, forest fruits, and crawling invertebrates

Dietary type and primary food source

Activity
crepuscular

Diurnal, nocturnal, or active patterns

Scientific Summary

GBIF Taxonomic Backbone & Wikipedia Registry Profile

Activity patterns. Lar Gibbons are diurnal and arboreal. On average, they spend their day feeding (33 %), resting (26 %), traveling (24 %), engaged in social activities (11 %), vocalizing (4 %), and involved in intergroup encounters (2 %), although actual proportions of activities can change significantly over the course of the year. Much of the day is spent foraging and resting. Lar Gibbons in Thailand are active for an average of 8 - 7 hours / day, leaving their sleeping sites around sunrise and entering sleeping trees an average of 3 - 4 hours before sunset. If the morning is clear before dawn, an adult male emits his solo calls, usually from his sleeping tree. At sunrise when all members of a group awaken, they defecate and urinate while hanging from a branch. The group then movesto a feeding tree. There is normally a duet call among the adult pair before noon, and the rest of the day is spent alternating between feeding and traveling to new trees to feed. With seasonal reductions in the amount of available fruit, feeding time increases and correspondingly less time is spent in social activities. The group usually pauses each day for about an hour of rest and social activities. Lar Gibbonstry to avoid notice when moving to sleeping sites, possibly as a way of reducing predation. Often the tallest trees available are chosen as sleeping sites, if possible located on steep slopes or cliffs. During the cool season, groups of Lar Gibbons can often be found in large fig trees for up to several hours a day.
Biology & Conservation

Ecologically, the conservation status of White-handed Gibbon is officially designated as Endangered. Current field registries estimate a global population composed of an unquantified number of individuals, making habitat preservation critical to maintaining their wild populations.

It is typically endemic to forest, wetland, freshwater, desert, mountain, showing great physiological synergy with its surroundings. In terms of dietary preferences, it relies primarily on a diet of leaves, shoots, forest fruits, and crawling invertebrates. It exhibits specialized adaptations centered around a crepuscular activity pattern, optimizing its energy conservation and interactions within its native ecosystem. The species has a typical natural lifespan of approximately 25 years, allowing it to adapt and mature through structured generational cycles.

Ongoing biological monitoring and ecological advocacy emphasize the importance of protecting this species. The stability of its food chain and the prevention of fragmentation in its primary range are vital for the continued survival of White-handed Gibbon.

Energy & Activity Profile
Habitat & Adaptation Index
Quick Facts
Native RangeIndonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, China
Habitat RangeForest, Wetland, Freshwater, Desert, Mountain
Lifespan25 Yrs
StatusEndangered
ScientificHylobates lar
Registry Info
Lifespan25 years
KingdomAnimalia
FamilyHylobatidae