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Passiflora macfadyenii

Passiflora macfadyenii

Jamaica
Status
Extinct

IUCN conservation assessment category

Habitat
Forest

Primary ecological niche & biome

Diet
C3 autotrophic photosynthesis, deep root mineral absorption, and carbon sequestration

Dietary type and primary food source

Activity
deciduous summer foliage, vernal flowering, and seasonal seed dispersal

Diurnal, nocturnal, or active patterns

Scientific Summary

GBIF Taxonomic Backbone & Wikipedia Registry Profile

Description. Slender, climbing, perennial vine 3 m long or more, densely pubescent with unicellular curved trichomes throughout, 0.2 - 0.7 mm long, 0.02 - 0.03 mm wide, also minutely antrorsely appressed-puberulent throughout with unicellular, curved trichomes, 0.08 - 0.10 mm long, 0.02 mm wide. Flowering stems 0.9 - 2.1 mm in diameter, somewhat compressed, base somewhat woody and cork-covered. Stipules 2.0 - 8.0 mm long, 0.3 - 1.1 mm wide, linear-narrowly ovate, acute to attenuate, longitudinally striate-nerved; petioles 0.4 - 1.5 (- 3.7) cm long, commonly bearing in the distal half (0.54 - 0.83 of the distance from the base toward the apex of the petiole) (1 -) 2, round or elliptic, opposite to alternate, sessile (rare) or stipitate, cupulate nectaries, 0.3 - 0.6 mm wide (on the widest axis), 0.3 - 1.0 mm high. Laminas 1.4 - 9.0 cm long, 1.6 - 6.4 (- 11.9) cm wide, deeply 3 - lobed 0.21 - 0.93 of the distance to the leaf base, lateral lobes (0.8 -) 2.0 - 4.2 (- 7.3) cm long, (0.1 -) 0.6 - 1.8 (- 2.3) cm wide, oblong to obovate, acute to rounded (rarely emarginate), central lobes 1.4 - 5.2 (- 9.0) cm long, (0.2 -) 0.5 - 3.0 cm wide, elliptic to obovate, acute to rounded (rarely emarginate), often narrowed at base, angle between the lateral lobes 79 - 134 °, ratio of lateral to central lobe lengths 0.60 - 0.96, margins entire, primary veins 3, diverging and branching at base, laminar nectaries absent; tendril 0.3 - 0.7 mm wide, present at flowering node. Flowers borne in leaf axils. Pedicels 11.0 - 18.0 (- 23.0) mm long, 0.4 - 0.8 mm wide; bract (s) absent; spur (s) absent. Tubular flowers 5.5 - 8.1 mm in diameter with stipe 1.5 - 6.5 mm long, 0.4 - 0.9 mm wide; hypanthium 5.5 - 8.1 mm in diameter; sepals 19.3 - 26.1 mm long, basally connate 7.1 - 12.5 mm, 1.3 - 3.1 mm wide, linear to narrowly ovate, acute to rounded, abaxially and adaxially red (ca. 5 R 6 / 10), free portions of sepals reflexed at anthesis; coronal filaments in 1 series, adnate to the calyx tube, 25 - 30, the free portions 2.0 - 5.7 mm long, 0.1 - 0.3 mm wide, linear to narrowly ovate, erect, appearing red with yellow apices when dried, ratio of coronal (portion not adnate to sepal) to sepal (free portion) 0.25 - 0.44; rarely a trace second coronal row of filaments may be present just outside the operculum; operculum 1.4 - 2.0 mm long, plicate, appearing red when dried, the margin with narrow minutely fimbrillate teeth; nectary 0.1 - 0.5 mm high, 0.7 - 2.5 mm wide, sulcate; limen slightly recurved to erect, 0.1 - 0.7 mm high, 0.1 - 0.5 mm wide, red when dried, limen floor 2.9 - 5.0 mm in diameter, red when dried; androgynophore 17.8 - 23.5 mm long, 0.8 - 1.1 mm wide, red when dried gradually getting lighter distally or with the red coloration nearly reaching the apices of the staminal filaments; free portions of the staminal filaments 5.4 - 8.0 mm long, 0.3 - 0.6 mm wide, linear, greenish yellow or red; anthers 2.8 - 3.5 mm long, 0.7 - 2.0 mm wide; styles 4.2 - 5.5 mm long including stigmas, 0.1 - 0.3 mm wide, greenish yellow; stigmas 0.73 - 1.33 mm in diameter; ovary 3.6 - 8.0 mm long, 1.0 - 2.7 mm wide, fusiform, greenish yellow. Berry 25.0 - 26.0 mm long, 5.9 - 9.0 mm in diameter, ellipsoid and tapering at both ends (fusiform), very dark purple. Seeds ca. 20, 3.1 - 3.7 mm long, 1.6 - 1.8 mm wide, 1.2 - 1.3 mm thick, obovate in outline, acute at both ends, reticulate-foveate with each face marked with 15 - 17 foveae.
Biology & Conservation

Ecologically, the conservation status of Passiflora macfadyenii is officially designated as Extinct. Current field registries estimate a global population composed of an unquantified number of individuals, making habitat preservation critical to maintaining their wild populations.

It is typically endemic to forest, showing great physiological synergy with its surroundings. In terms of dietary preferences, it relies primarily on a diet of c3 autotrophic photosynthesis, deep root mineral absorption, and carbon sequestration. It exhibits specialized adaptations centered around a deciduous summer foliage, vernal flowering, and seasonal seed dispersal activity pattern, optimizing its energy conservation and interactions within its native ecosystem. The species has a typical natural lifespan of approximately 150 years, allowing it to adapt and mature through structured generational cycles.

Ongoing biological monitoring and ecological advocacy emphasize the importance of protecting this species. The stability of its food chain and the prevention of fragmentation in its primary range are vital for the continued survival of Passiflora macfadyenii.

Energy & Activity Profile
Habitat & Adaptation Index
Quick Facts
Native RangeJamaica
Habitat RangeForest
Lifespan150 Yrs
StatusExtinct
ScientificPassiflora macfadyenii
Registry Info
Lifespan150 years
KingdomPlantae
FamilyPassifloraceae
Passiflora macfadyenii (Passiflora macfadyenii) - Taxon, Habitat & Photos | Symphony of Horizon | Symphony of Horizon